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The Local Group is the galaxy group that includes the Milky Way. It comprises more than 54 galaxies, most of them being dwarf galaxies. Its gravitational center is located somewhere between the Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy.
| Segue 1 (Leo) Milky Way Dwarf Galaxy Satellite Segue 1 is a dwarf spheroidal galaxy or globular cluster situated in the Leo constellation and discovered in 2006 by Sloan Digital Sky Survey. It is located at a distance of about 75,000 light years Segue 1 is one of the smallest and faintest satellites of the Milky Way. Its integrated luminosity is about 300 times that of the Sun which is much smaller than the luminosity of a typical globular cluster. Observations however indicate its mass is about 600,000 solar masses, which suggest that it is dominated by dark matter. In the image below the approximate area of Segue 1 dwarf galaxy is indicated by large white circle. By comparison with reference image (Keck/Deimos image) the visible stars that are understood to lie in Segue 1 are indicated by green circles Note: a longer exposure is required to detect more stars lying in the dwarf galaxy |
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| Annotated CCD Image (70% size, square root scale) 5 x 180s exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, C Filter 2020-02-20 23:58 UT (#753140-44) 12" LX200R (at f/10.4) + ST-10XME Auto-guided using TS 80mm APO, ZWO ASI178MC & PHD2 |
| Segue 1 - Keck/Deimos Reference Image |
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| Credit: Marla Geha Image has been rotated and resized to match own image |
| Segue 1 - Unannotated Images |
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| Annotated CCD Image (70% size, square root scale) 5 x 180s exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, C Filter 2020-02-20 23:58 UT (#753140-44) 12" LX200R (at f/10.4) + ST-10XME Auto-guided using TS 80mm APO, ZWO ASI178MC & PHD2 |
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| Negative CCD Image (70% size, square root scale) Image details as above |
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PGC 34176 (Leo) |
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| CCD Image (50% size) 5 x 120s exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, C Filter 2010-02-21 00:05 hUT (#414417-21) 12" LX200R (at f/9.7) + ST-10XME [larger image, 75%] |
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| PGC 29488 / Leo I (Leo) |
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| Annotated CCD Image (70% size, square root scale) 5 x 180s exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, Clear Filter 2024-10-15 05:05 UT (#1255190-94) 12" LX200R (at f/10.4) + ST-10XME Auto-guided using TS 80mm APO, ZWO ASI178MC & PHD2 |
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| Caldwell 57 / NGC 6822 (Sagittarius) |
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| CCD Image 50% size reduction) 6 x 120 sec exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, C Filter 2009-07-30 23:53 h UT (#379451-58) 12" LX200R (at f/5.7) + ST-10XME [Larger View, 75%] |
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| NGC 185 (Cassiopeia) |
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| CCD Image (50% size, linear scale 6 x 180s exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, DB Filter 2020-01-20 18:49 UT (#744017-22) 12" LX200R (at f/10.4) + ST-10XME Auto-guided using TS 80mm APO, ZWO ASI178MC & PHD2 |
| NGC 185 - Detail |
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| CCD Image (100% size, square root scale, cropped) Image details as above |
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| Negative CCD Image (100% size, square root scale, cropped) Image details as above |
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NGC 147 (Cassiopeia) |
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| CCD Image (50% size, cropped) 5 x 120 sec (average combine), 3x3 binning, C Filter 2009-12-11 20:55 h UT (#404290-94) 12" LX200R (at f/5.7) + ST-10XME |
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NGC 147 - detail |
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| CCD Image (100% size, cropped) Image details as above |
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| M31 (Andromeda) |
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| CCD Image Mosaic (7x12 frames, 30% size) 3 min exposure, 2x2 binning, C Filter 2006-12-09 20:03 to 22:41h UT (#161075-124) 2006-12-11 20:30 to 22:34h UT (#162048-81) Linear brightness scaling, (larger image, 50% size) 8" LX200 + ST-7E |
| More Images of M31 |
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| M32 Galaxy (Andromeda) |
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| CCD Image, 2 x 5 min exposure (2x2 binning) 2002-10-03 00:44 to 00:54h UT (#28240-41) 11.4 x 7.6 arc min 8" LX200 + ST-7E |
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| NGC 205 / M110 Galaxy (Andromeda) |
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| CCD Image 2 x 5 min exposure (2x2 binning) 2002-10-03 01:03 to 01:14h UT 11.4 x 7.6 arc min (#28243-44) 8" LX200 + ST-7E |
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| PGC 2666 / Andromeda I (Andromeda) Andromeda I is part of the local group of galaxies and a satellite galaxy of the Andromeda Galaxy (M31) Position of Andromeda I is highlighted by white ellipse in image below. The galaxy is very faint, but is better seen in a contrast enhanced image |
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| Annotated CCD Image (70% size, square root scale) 5 x 180s exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, C Filter 2020-02-12 18:42 UT (#751003-07) 12" LX200R (at f/10.4) + ST-10XME Auto-guided using TS 80mm APO, ZWO ASI178MC & PHD2 |
| PGC 2666 / Andromeda I - Detail Galaxy is visible as a faint smudge in upper centre of this contrast enhanced image |
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| Negative CCD Image (70% size, square root scale, contrast
enhanced) Image details as above |
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PGC 2121 / Andromeda III (Andromeda) |
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| CCD Image ( cropped) 4 x 120s exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, I Filter 2009-12-26 20:01h UT (#408248-52) 12" LX200R (at f/5.7) + ST-10XME |
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IC 1613 / Caldwell 51 (Cetus) |
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CCD Image ( 50% size) |
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IC 1613 / Caldwell 51 - detail |
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CCD Image (100% size, cropped) |
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| M33 (Triangulum) |
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| CCD Image Mosaic (50% size) 3 min exposure (average combine), 2x2 binning, C Filter 2006-11-16 22:24 h UT (#152233-45) 8" LX200 + ST-7E [ Larger Size, 75% ] |
| M33 - detail, showing named HII regions |
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| Annotated CCD Image Mosaic (75% size) 3 min exposure (average combine), 2x2 binning, C Filter Rotated & Cropped 2006-11-16 22:24 h UT (#152233-45) 8" LX200 + ST-7E (Un-annotated Image, 75% size) |
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M33 - Variable 83 (S-Dor type variable) |
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| Annotated CCD Image 5 x 3 min exposure (average combine), 2x2 binning, C Filter 2006-11-16 23:24 h UT (#152276-80) 8" LX200 + ST-7E ( Image details as above ) |
| More Images of M33 |
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UGC 12613 / (Pegasus) |
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| CCD Image (cropped) 6 x 45 sec exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, C Filter 2009-12-04 20:25 h UT (#402248-57) 12" LX200R (at f/5.7) + ST-10XME |
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| PGC 3792 / Pisces Dwarf (Pisces) Expected location of PGC 3792 is shown by white circle Trace of some objects are just visible within circle and these might be part of the LG galaxy Total exposure : 35 mins Image contrast pushed to limit in order to see PGC 3792 / Pisces Dwarf (centre) but it exposes uneven sky background & smears on front of CCD sensor (particularly in lower left) Bright star in lower right is HIP 4947 (mag 9.08) |
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| CCD Image (70% size, square root scale) 7 x 300s exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, C Filter 2022-01-07 21:38 UT (#950087-93) 12" LX200R (at f/10.4) + ST-10XME Auto-guided using TS 80mm APO, ZWO ASI178MC & PHD2 |
| Image contrast pushed to limit in order to see PGC 3792 / Pisces
Dwarf (centre) but it exposes uneven sky background & smears on front of CCD sensor (lower left) |
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| Annotated negative CCD Image (70% size, square root scale) Image details as above (cross hairs adjustment -11,-3, radius 46) |
| PGC 3792 / Pisces Dwarf - Reference Image |
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| Credit : Deidre A. Hunter, CC BY-SA 2.5 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5> via Wikimedia Commons |
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PGC 143 (Cetus) |
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| CCD Image (50% size) 7 x 90 sec exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, C Filter 2012-11-02 21:30 h UT (#520187-93) 12" LX200RĀ (at f/9.7) + ST-10XME |
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PGC 143 / UGCA 444 - alternate view |
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| Negative CCD Image (50% size) Image details as above |
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IC 10 (Cassiopeia) |
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| CCD Image (50% size, Linear Scale) 5 x 90 sec (average combine), 3x3 binning, C Filter 2009-09-19 21:05 h UT (#389076-80) 12" LX200R (at f/5.7) + ST-10XME |
| IC 10 - detail |
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| CCD Image (Cropped to Central Area, Square Root Scale) Image details as above |
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| UGCA 92 (Camelopardalis) Alias: PGC 15439 Dec +63d 36m |
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| Annotated CCD Image (50% size, square root scale) 5 x 180s exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, C Filter 2020-11-13 20:31 UT (#829084-88) 12" LX200R (at f/10.4) + ST-10XME Auto-guided using TS 80mm APO, ZWO ASI178MC & PHD2 |
| UGCA 92 - Detail |
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| CCD Image (100% size, square root scale, cropped) Image details as above |
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| Negative CCD Image (100% size, square root scale, cropped) Image details as above |
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NGC 3109 is the dominating member of a small group of dwarf galaxies, all of them Local Group member candidates, which also contains Sextans A, Sextans B, the Antlia Dwarf and perhaps Leo A.
It is still not finally clear if these galaxies are gravitationally bound to the Local Group of Galaxies, thus forming a subgroup of the Local Group, or if this is the nearest independent small group of galaxies.
| UGCA 205 (Sextans) Local Group Galaxy Alias: Sextans A, PGC 29653 |
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| CCD Image (50% size, square root scale) 4 x 180s exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, C Filter 2020-11-26 04:12 UT (#833217-20) 12" LX200R (at f/10.4) + ST-10XME Auto-guided using TS 80mm APO, ZWO ASI178MC & PHD2 |
| UGCA 205 - Detail |
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| CCD Image (100% size, square root scale, cropped) Image details as above |
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| Negative CCD Image (100% size, square root scale, cropped) Image details as above |
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NGC 3109 (Hydra) |
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| CCD Image (cropped) 5 x 120s exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, C filter, 2010-03-09 23:05h UT (#416328-32) 12" LX200R (at f/9.7) + ST-10XME |
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PGC 28913 / Sextans B (Sextans) |
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| Annotated CCD Image (cropped) 4 x 120s exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, C Filter 2010-02-20 23:17 hUT (#414367-70) 12" LX200R (at f/9.7) + ST-10XME |
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Nearby galaxies which are probably not gravitationally bound to the Local Group Galaxies
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PGC 14241 / UGC-A 86 (Camelopardalis) |
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| CCD Image (cropped) 4 x 120s exposure (average combine), 3x3 binning, C Filter 2009-12-26 22:09h UT (#408281-84) 12" LX200R (at f/5.7) + ST-10XME |
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| Negative CCD Image (cropped) Image details as above |
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| NGC 404 / Herschel II-224 (Andromeda) Spheroid Galaxy close to Mirach (mag +2) It lies around 8 (? 10.3) million light years away, just outside the Local Group |
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| CCD Image (Linear Scale, cropped) 7 x 20 sec (average combine), 3x3 binning, C Filter 2009-09-20 03:00 h UT (#389493-99) 12" LX200R (at f/5.7) + ST-10XME |
| NGC 404 - detail black strip is blooming spike from Mirach. |
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| Negative CCD Image (200% size, cropped) Image details as above |
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Cetus Dwarf - 2.8 million ly 00h26m11.0s -11d02m40s / Near GSC 5265:505
PGC 2121 (Andromeda III) - 2.9 million ly
PGC 2544 (Andromeda IV) - ? 2.9 million ly / ? 21 million ly
PGC 2666 (Andromeda I) - ? 2.9 million ly / ? 21 million ly
PGC 3792 (LGS 3, Pisces Dwarf ) - 3.0 mly
PGC 15439 (UGC-A 92) - 4.7 mly
PGC 28868 (Leo A / Leo III) - 2.5 mly
PGC 34176 (Leo II / Leo B) - 0.75 mly
PGC 44491 (GR 8, Footprint Galaxy, Vir/Com boundary) - 7.9 mly (3 -8 mly)
PGC 054074 (Ursa Major Dwarf) - 0.24 mly / 41.0 x 26.0 arc min
PGC 60095 (Draco Dwarf) - 0.28 mly / 51.0 x 31.0 arc min
NGC 3109 Sub-Group
NGC 3109 - 4.5 ly
Leo A
Nearby Non-Member Galaxies
NGC 1569 (Cam) - 7.5 mly
The Local Group of Galaxies [http://www.delphes.net/messier/more/local.html]
NED data of Local Group Galaxies [http://seds.org/~spider/spider/LG/Add/lg_NED.html]
Local Group 3D Picture [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Local_Group.JPG]
Map - The Nearest Groups of Galaxies [http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com/galgrps.html]
List of Nearby Galaxy Groups [http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com/galaclus.html]
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| This Web Page: | Local Group Galaxies |
| Last Updated : | 2024-10-15 |
| Site Owner : | David Richards |
| Home Page : | David's Astronomy Web Site |
